Introduction
To compare Imagination with
knowledge, Imagination is the vital element, it is certainly more important
than knowledge. Knowledge is limited, where as imagination encircles the world.
The concepts of approaches
should be based on enhancing the power of imagination rather than knowledge,
once the imagination awakens the curiosity to search and discover will turn
into passion for learning and understanding more.
Albert Einstein used his
imagination to think there should be something which reins the molecule itself
and that's how he started searching for answers and he discovered the existence
of atoms within the molecules, or the moment the famous apple met Isaac
Newton's head, the pain of that meeting made Isaac to imagine there should be
an enormous amount of energy force which pulled that apple so hard towards his
head, that is what led him to find gravity.
In today's world, in order to grasp on the technological progression and
innovation we have to be keep evolving in order to create a promising world for
our future generations.
Creativity obliges innovation and innovation leads the society to create an
ultimate balance what we know as progression.
Same goes with education, if creativity is encouraged from early levels to
progress into senior level with the same concept we would be able to see great
results eventually.
specially for mind of youth
which comprehends more and It will lead towards ease in more flexibility,
diversity ,growth of ability and thinking capacity.
Along the years, many
teaching methods have been developed whether to meet the students needs or
match a new administration and all of them clamming to be the best way to teach
but there were a few really creative methods that are unique and working well
at the same time, they are as mentioned below
TPR
TPR means Total
Physical Response. It is an approach to teaching language based on the idea
that if you have to do something physical in response to language, then
learning is more meaningful, and you learn faster.
Example
The learners are looking at action verbs. The teacher says 'Jump!' and they
jump; the teacher says 'March!' and they march, etc.
In the classroom
Many teachers integrate TPR with other approaches and techniques rather than
using it alone. It is useful, for example, for teaching body vocabulary,
prepositions, and language for directions, and may be particularly suitable for
low level learners, learning more concrete language.
Disadvantages
TPR is notoriously known as
an useful and fun method for Children and young teens, however In higher levels
of English where students are mostly happen to be elder it is quite
discomforting, adult students usually tend to refuse to join the session.
Silent way
The silent way is
a methodology of teaching language based on the idea that teachers
should be as silent as possible during a class but learners should be
encouraged to speak as much as possible. There are three basic principles:
- The learner needs
to discover or create
- Learning is made easier by the use of physical objects such as Cuisenaire
rods
- Learning is made easier by problem-solving using the target language
Example
The teacher shows the learners a small red Cuisenaire rod and a
bigger blue one and says ‘The blue one is bigger than the red one'. The learners
repeat this. The teacher then substitutes the rods to produce other models, and
finally encourages the learners to produce their own comparisons.
In the classroom
Areas of target language where Cuisenaire rods can be useful include word
boundaries, contracted forms, prepositions, word order and word
stress. Learners can use the rods to first represent and then to manipulate
language.
Disadvantages
Students waste too much
time struggling with a concept that would be easily clarified by the teachers’
direct guide.
It is difficult for
teachers to evaluate students’ progress in their learning process.
It is criticized as being
too focused on building structure, and misses out on cultural input through the
language.
The silence of the teacher
can prevent students from hearing many active models of correct usage that they
may find useful.
Suggestopedia
Suggestopedia is one of the
teaching methods developed by Bulgarian psychotherapist Georgi Lozanov based on
the study of Suggestology. The method has been used in different fields of
studies but mostly in the field of foreign language learning. Lozanov claimed
that by using this method one can teach languages approximately three to five
times as quickly as conventional methods.
The theory applied positive suggestion in teaching when it was developed in the
1970s. However, as improved, it has focused more on “desuggestive learning” and
now is often called “desuggestopedia. Suggestopedia is the latest of the six
major foreign-language teaching methods known to language teaching experts (the
oldest being the grammar translation method.) The name of Suggestopedia is from
the words “suggestion” and “pedagogy.”
Example
The lesson of Suggestopedia
consisted of three phases at first: deciphering, concert session (memorization
séance), and elaboration.
Deciphering: The
teacher introduces the grammar and lexis of the content. In most materials the
foreign language text is on the left half of the page with a translation on the
right half, i.e. meanings are conveyed via the mother tongue not unlike
the bilingual
method.
Concert session (active and
passive): In the active session, the teacher reads the text at a normal
speed, sometimes intoning some words, and the students follow. In the passive
session, the students relax and listen to the teacher reading the text calmly.
Music (" baroque”) is played in the background.
Elaboration: The
students finish off what they have learned with dramas, songs, and games.
Then it has developed into
four phases as lots of experiments were done: introduction, concert session,
elaboration, and production.
In the classroom
Physical surroundings and atmosphere in classroom are the vital factors to make
sure that "the students feel comfortable and confident", and
various techniques, including art and music, are used by the trained teachers.
Introduction: The
teacher teaches the material in “a playful manner” instead of analyzing lexis
and grammar of the text in a directive manner.
Concert session (active and
passive): In the active session, the teacher reads with intoning as
selected music is played. Occasionally, the students read the text together
with the teacher, and listen only to the music as the teacher pauses in
particular moments. The passive session is done more calmly.
Elaboration: The
students sing classical songs and play games while “the teacher acts more like
a consultant”.
Production: The students
spontaneously speak and interact in the target language without interruption or
correction
Disadvantages
Suggestopedia's method also
known to have some disadvantages. First of all is that in terms of the music.
Beside the advantage, using music during the learning process also has
disadvantages for some people who cannot study in the noisy class. Lozanov
explain that using music during the learning process will create the relaxed
mind and it is a optimum state of learning. But for the people who cannot study
in the noisy class they say that using music the learning process is not
effective at all because it will irritate and disturb them. Another
disadvantages is that suggestopedia method will be difficult to be practiced in
the development country such as Indonesia. As we know that in Indonesia there
are at least 30 – 40 students who fill in the one class. The teacher will be
difficult to control them one by one. Comparing with european countries which
have practiced suggestopedia method for example in France and The Netherlands.
There, there are only 10 – 15 students in the one class so that the teacher can
control them easily. Beside that, to decorate every single classrooms in the
school will need much money. For example, we have to change chairs in the
classroom into armchairs. We also have to decrease the students in the
classroom, so that we need new classroom for them. So, it is meant that we also
have to build new classrooms for the students. For development country like in
Indonesia. It can be a burden.
Introduction of Videography
Videography is an approach using only videos
such as movies, tv shows documentaries and Music. Technically students go
through every lesson by watching videos and listening to music at times and
lessons are fitted among them. This approach is rather a seemless way of
learning for the students and focuses on the intrests of the information
reciever. The reciever focuses on the lesson, if the lessons are not as
pleasing for the reciever the chance of distraction and ultimatley exhaustion
is high therefore the progression is much slower. Videography's approach
suggests the lessons should be in a very amusing and gleefull way, therefore
the lessons become the main intrest of the reciever so we will be able
to see much faster progressions.
Here we might have not an entirley new approach but an approach
that has been considered many times in the past but long forgotten due to the
traditional policies in strict educational system, however the future is
coming, now we are stepping into a new era, the invade of new generations and
ofcourse modernization of any traditional system, here we might be able to
bring a forgotten approach back to life. to run this approach an access to a
large video library is required but nowdays we are enjoying the vast amount of
information online as what internet today actually is in reality, we can have
access to any information, movie, song and etc we fancy just by searching in
our free virtual library online, download them modify them and turn them into
our teaching tools.
Class Syllabus
The classes can be done in different ways, they can be either full
classes or just shortend versions, and appear as an activity in a class.
Every class is about 100 Minutes for a full class or 25 min for the
activity versions. during a lesson students watch parts of different movies and
the graphical lessons among them. classes can extend from 3 to 6 days a week,
pending on the intrest of the students.
The teachers role appears a few times per lesson to make sure
students have understood the key parts of the story and can (CCQ) concept check
to guide the students through the lessons whlist they are discovering the
module themselves by watching for example, a movie which is containing lessons.